Haden W. Church Letter (1855)

๐๐ฉ๐ผ๐ฏ๐‘Œ ๐Ž. ๐•๐ฒ๐‘‰๐ฝ ๐ข๐ฏ๐ป๐ฏ๐‘‰

Transcription | ๐“๐‘‰๐ฐ๐‘Œ๐‘…๐ฟ๐‘‰๐ฎ๐น๐‘‡๐ฒ๐‘Œ

We provide a transcription of the 1855 letter in standard English orthography (Roman alphabet), inserting Deseret spellings where appropriate.

Roman with Deseret

About the Letter | ๐ˆ๐บ๐ต๐ป ๐‘„ ๐ข๐ฏ๐ป๐ฏ๐‘‰

The letter is written primarily in Haden W. Churchโ€™s traditional cursive handwriting, but he switches to the Deseret Alphabet, apparently with the intent of concealing sensitive information.

The original letter, archived by the Church History Library of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, can be read here.

Historical Context | ๐๐ฎ๐‘…๐ป๐ฑ๐‘‰๐ฎ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐‘Š ๐—๐ฑ๐‘Œ๐ป๐ฏ๐ฟ๐‘…๐ป

In 1855, missionary Haden Wells Church wrote from Tennessee to LDS apostle John Taylor, then in New York City directing publication of the periodical The Mormon. The letter alludes to matters of personal concern for John Taylor, including discreet references to a woman with whom Taylor may have had a romantic connection. Church archivists suggest this was perhaps Caroline Gilliam, identified in some sources as a plural wife of Taylor. Church not only avoids naming the woman in question but even switches conspicuously to the Deseret to render the pronouns ๐‘‡๐จ (โ€œsheโ€) and ๐ธ๐ฏ๐‘‰ (โ€œherโ€).

The letter also mentions the plural marriage of Abraham O. Smoot to eighteen-year-old Diana Tanner Eldridge, a disclosure Church pens exclusively in the Deseret. The Church letter offers a rare glimpse into how the Deseret Alphabet was used early on to conceal sensitive information, occasionally related to the Latter-day Saint practice of plural marriage. As a general principle, polygamy had been discussed openly by church leaders since 1852. Despite this, the details were still evidently regarded as a confidential matter.

Portrait of Haden W. Church
Haden Wells Church (1817โ€“1875), Latter-day Saint missionary and John Taylor correspondent. Courtesy FamilySearch.
Portrait of John Taylor
John Taylor (1808โ€“1887) was living in New York City at the time Haden W. Church sent him a letter using the Deseret Alphabet. Courtesy The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.